A FUNNY THING HAPPENED ON THE WAY TO LUNCH THE OTHER DAY

I took a walk along Hunter Street, adjacent to Elizabeth Peer.



and turned to find a rather “flash” looking BMW! (for all those car hoons out there….)

 We looked at all the fishing boats that were moored near Mures Restaurant,


Inside the Jam atrium, which is apparently the largest atrium in the southern hemisphere.



 

Hunter Street Hobart.

   

                        

(Tassie Joke “ Tassie, the arse end of Australia, last sun stop before the Antarctic")

The statues dedicated to the first Antarctic expedition.





The crane on the wharf which is not in use but now stands as a interesting monument to the history of the peer.



                            

My son….Mr Cheeky.

Another beautiful day in paradise done and dusted…for Hobart Show day.

All photos taken by Laura on a Kodak 5 megapixel camera.

Web 101 Topic 2.4 - Content Sharing

Web Communications 101: Communication and Collaboration Online
Topic 2.4 - Content Sharing
 Introduction
The rise of broadband connectivity has led to the ability to upload far larger media files than were possible in the early days of the Web. At the same time, the rise of Web 2.0 platforms to facilitate the sharing of this content has led to the emergence of a number of dedicated content sharing sites.
While initially these may seem like just another repository for data, over time many have evolved into fully fledged communities that utilise Web 2.0 functionality to add value to the content they are uploading. At the same time, the new-found ease of uploading content to the Web has led to significant concerns over copyright issues. (Curtin , 2010)

Content sharing

Content sharing is a fairly straight-forward activity. Content is prepared on a personal computer and then uploaded to the Web. What makes this activity interesting is the way communities add value to the content through collaborative contribution. Virtual communities have a long history on the Internet (See Net 204 - Communities, Networks and Social Interaction), however, the sharing of specific content and the collaborative effort that goes into cataloguing and annotating this content has given rise to the phenomenon of folksonomies, a method of classifying data that has the potential to dramatically alter the way we understand and organise knowledge. As we shall see, folksonomies are one of the most powerful examples of the 'wisdom of the crowds' that has come to define Web 2.0. (Curtin,2010)
Folksonomies - Collaboration and Emergence
Remembering our earlier experiments with Delicious (the social bookmarking website) you will recall that what makes the sharing of content so much more than the sum of individual contributions is the attachment of metadata ('data about data') to the original data. As with Delicious, on content sharing websites this process is known as tagging. When submitting content to a site, the user also contributes extra information through the application of a descriptive 'tag' that identifies the nature of the content. As these tags accumulate, they evolve into a folksonomy that allows anyone to search for content through the use of these keywords.
Tagging is not limited to content sharing sites - it can be used anywhere where metadata about specific content might be useful. (Curtin, 2010)
Folksonomies vs. Taxonomies

Folksonomies differ from taxonomies in a number of significant ways. Firstly, they are created collaboratively, where a taxonomy is traditionally created by an individual authority (hence the 'folk' part). Unlike taxonomies, folksonomies tend to be far more flexible and easy to add to, since there is no overarching structure that must be adhered to - contributors do not need to conform to an existing framework, but can use their own terms to define the content they are adding. Folksonomies are 'bottom up' where taxonomies are hierarchical 'top down' structures.
On the positive side, this means that folksonomies are typically more organic and evolving, while taxonomies tend to be more accurate in their application of specific defining terms. (Curtin, 2010)

Tagging and Folksonomies - Two Readings

Neither of these two readings are very long, but they give an idea of the way tagging and folksonomies operate and the way in which they might shape our understandings of knowledge:

Mathes, A. (2004). http://www.flickr.com/
Folksonomies – Cooperative Classification and Communication Through Shared Metadata.

Reading Review: Metadata terminology is basically data about data, a system that allows the collocation of related information that helps the user to find relevant information. There are three ways metadata are created, 1. Professional, 2. Author created and 3. User created. This particular paper examines the third approach of metadata collation which is that of the user. The paper utilises Flickr and Delicious web sites as examples of tags to folksonomy. "The organic system of organisation developing in Delicious and Flickr was called a "folksonomy" by Thomas Vander Wal in a discussion on an information architecture mailing list. It is a combination of "folk" and taxonomy". (Mathes, 2004)

Weinberger, D (2006). Folksonomy as Symbol

Reading Review: "Stick it to the man". According to the author Folksonomy is one of two things, the proof of power within emergence ( emergence explains, according to the author the complexity through intrinsic simplicity) of tags and two, that it embraces excess


Content Sharing

Example one: Flickr: http://www.flickr.com/

Flickr is the most well know of a number of sites that offer photography-related content sharing services. Other similar platforms include Photobucket and Shutterfly. Flickr provides an online repository for digital photographs, which can be classified as private or shared with other members and web users.
In June 2009, Flickr claimed to hold 3.6 Billion images (Wolk, 2009). (Curtin, 2010)

Laura: I viewed Curtin University’s Flickr photo loop on the Topic 2.4 information sheet.

My Flickr photo stream: http://www.flickr.com/photos/loulounilly/  which is also looped to my blog page and the majority of the photos are Geo Tagged so that the viewer is able to view the location where the photos were taken.

(Optional) Reading

Kennedy, L., Naaman, M., Ahern, S., Nair, R., & Rattenbury, T. (2007). How Flickr helps us make sense of the world: context and content in community-contributed media collections. Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Multimedia. Augsburg, Germany. Available: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=49Lu0a3QAc8&feature=player_embedded#! http://infolab.stanford.edu/~mor/research/kennedyMM07.pdf
(I have not read this paper at time of writing but will endeavour to do so then update the page, Laura)

(Optional) Video - Nurturing Tagging Communities


This video discusses the ways in which users typically generate tags. In discussing some of the problems associated with tagging, the speaker addresses potential ways that systems can enourage better tagging practices. If you have the time, it is well worth watching (Duration: 1 Hr.)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=49Lu0a3QAc8&feature=player_embedded#!

YouTube: Google Tech Talks | October 08, 2007
Google Tech Talks
August 6, 2007

ABSTRACT
Many online communities use tags - community selected words or phrases - to help people find what they desire. The quality of tags varies widely, from tags that capture a key dimension of an entity to those that are profane, useless, or unintelligible. In this talk we investigate how users choose the tags they apply, and study whether systems can encourage users to create better tags. We also investigate ways in which systems can differentiate between good and bad tags. Our talk will be cover material presented in two conference papers: one published at CSCW 2006, and another published in GROUP 2007. Credits: Speaker:Shilad Sen

Example two: YouTube

YouTube is a (very) popular platform for sharing video clips online.
The site originally established in 2005 and, within a year, was serving 100 Million videos per day (2006). By 2008, YouTube views were consuming as much bandwidth as had the entire Internet eight years earlier (Carter, 2008). Like most Web 2.0 sites, YouTube offers an easy to use interface that makes the uploading of content relatively simple. While many merely view the site as a medium for short bursts of entertainment, the site also plays host to a thriving community that utilises videos as a form of interpersonal communication and creative expression. (Curtin, 2010)

Internet Memes

Wikipedia definition : A meme (pronounced /ˈmiːm/, rhyming with "cream"^[1]) is a postulated unit of cultural ideas, symbols or practices, which can be transmitted from one mind to another through writing, speech, gestures, rituals or other imitable phenomena. (The word is a blend of "gene" and the Greekword μιμητισμός (/mɪmetɪsmos/) for "something imitated".)^[2] Supporters of the concept regard memes as cultural analogues to genes, in that they self-replicate and respond to selective pressures.( last modified on 20 October 2010 at 06:56 Wikipedia)

Mashups
You Tube has been the focus of several copyright claims as many members upload content to which they do not hold appropriate rights. However, the site has become an even more interesting centre of copyright disputes as users have produced combinations of copyrighted works to produce original content. This type of content, which mixes elements from a number of different digital sources, is known as a mashup. The nature of mashups has begun creating significant problems in terms of copyright as these fall under the banner of '
Examples of mashups: YouTube:
"shining"
lemonhead999 | January 18, 2006

Category: Entertainment

Tags: shininghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z11B9L2awVA&feature=player_embedded

"Han Solo P.I." (Duration 1:09)
TheCBVee | May 28, 2009
Star Wars is property of Lucasfilm. Magnum, P.I. is property of Universal Pictures. Parody is fair use, baby. Yes there's an awkward cut at the end, snipping out a shot of the Imperials' stunned reaction to being ambushed by a ferocious mob of arboreal teddy bears.

Category: Entertainment

Tags: Star Wars, Han Solo, Magnum P.I., mashup

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rYntjR4-pY4&feature=player_embedded#!

Laura: And the one that I found extremely funny (only as I am a fan of both genre)
"Star Trek Meets Monty Python"
(Duration 1:39)
StarshipConductor | July 27, 2006
Star Trek Meets Monty Python

Category: Comedy

Tags:Star,Trek,  Monty, Python
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=luVjkTEIoJc&feature=player_embedded#!

All of the above videos could be copyright violations; the latter of the two contain no original content at all. The quandary arises as to whether this is theft or creative licence.

Copyright

While we are on the subject of mashups, let's take a moment to further discuss the notion of copyright. As you are no doubt aware, personal computing and the Internet have had profound effects on the media industries, in part because the advent of digital technologies has rendered content such as film, music, images and text infinitely (and easily) replicated without cost. Companies that formerly made their income from the distribution of this content on specific media (E.g. Cds, DVDs, Books) are suddenly in a position where their monopolies on content are under threat. However, just because work could be easily copied does not mean that it is legal to do so. As you have probably heard in the case of music "piracy", record companies are enthusiastically perusing those who illegally copy content. These media companies have behind them a century of copyright law that ensures their ownership of this content. The original idea behind copyright was a simple one, that the original creator of content should have rights to profit from that content for a reasonable amount of time. (Curtin, 2010)

Copyright Australia:
http://copyright-australia.com/?gclid=COKmt-PZ4qQCFQvPbgoddjKWqA


Copyright is a type of legal protection for people who express ideas and information in certain forms. The most common forms: writing, visual images, music and moving images.
Copyright protects the form or way an idea or information is expressed, not the idea or information itself.

http://www.ag.gov.au/www/agd/agd.nsf/Page/Copyright (Copyright and Classification Policy: Australian Government Attorney General Department. Last Modified 27^th August 2009)

An interesting Mashup, this YouTube video explains (in a rather interesting format), the duration of copyright has been repeatedly extended. (Duration 10 Mins) (Curtin 2010)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CJn_jC4FNDo&feature=player_embedded#!

BelYaun | May 18, 2007
Not made by me,found it online,available for download on website.
Disney Parody explanation of Copyright Law and Fair Use
Synopsis:
Professor Eric Faden of Bucknell University provides this humorous, yet informative, review of copyright principles delivered through the words of the very folks we can thank for nearly endless copyright terms.
Description taken from website
Video Found at http://www.wired.com/dualperspectives/article/news/2009/06/dp_opensource_wired0616.http://cyberlaw.stanford.edu/document...


A final short reading:
Wolk, D. (2009). Future of Open Source: Collaborative Culture: Retrieved June 12th, 2009 from
My review: “Not long ago mass media was about the only kind of culture there was. The lucky few creative works that made it into general circulation were what copyright law was supposed to cultivate and protect. In the words of Harvard Law School intellectual law professor William Fisher, copyright "provides incentives for creative activities that otherwise would not occur.” (Wired.com, 2010 Condé Nast Digital)

Activity – Playing around

In this activity, we're going to make use of Flickr and the creative commons license to explore our creativity!

• First, go to the website bighugelabs. Sign up to become a member of the site.
• You are going to be creating either: motivational poster, a magazine cover or a movie poster.
• Once you've decided which you want to create, browse through Flickr until you find an image you want to use.
• Check that the license on the image allows you to use/alter it for non-commercial use.
• Now, download the image, then use it to create your original work.
• Now share the result of your efforts by either posting the URL to Blackboard or embedding the image in a post using the HTML that the site creates for you!
   

Laura: I signed into bighugelabs utilising my Facebook account. Once I was on the site, I decided to design a movie poster. In order to do so I also needed to link my Flickr accounts to the web site via my Yahoo sign in verification. (It seems that the sites are all linked to one another.)
Below is the link to my creation

"Alien trees attack!!!"

or view it through my flickr feed at
http://www.flickr.com/photos/53458504@N02/5101309024/

References: (Curtin, 2010)
Curtin University Web Communications 101, Communication and Collaboration Online, 2010
Carter, L. (2008). Web could collapse as video demand soars. Retrieved May 14th, 2009, fromhttp://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1584230/Web-could-collapse-as-video-demand-soars.html.
Cox, K. (2008). How to Find Flickr Photos with a Creative Commons License. Retrieved June 9th, 2009, fromhttp://www.slideshare.net/karenprek/how-to-find-flickr-photos-with-a-creative-commons-license-presentation?
Faden, E. (2007). A Fair(y) Use Tale. Retrieved June 5th, 2009, from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CJn_jC4FNDo.
(2009). Han Solo P.I. Retrieved June 5th, 2009, from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rYntjR4-pY4.
(2007). Nurturing Tagging Communities. Retrieved May 30th, 2009, from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=49Lu0a3QAc8.
(2006). shining. Retrieved June 5th, 2009, from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z11B9L2awVA.
(2006). Star Trek Meets Monty Python. Retrieved June 5th, 2009, from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=luVjkTEIoJc.
(2006). Wanna Work Together? Retrieved June 14th, 2009, from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P3rksT1q4eg.
Wolk, D. (2009). Future of Open Source: Collaborative Culture. Retrieved June 12th, 2009, fromhttp://www.wired.com/dualperspectives/article/news/2009/06/dp_opensource_wired0616.
(2006). YouTube serves up 100 million videos a day online. Retrieved May 14th, 2009, fromhttp://www.usatoday.com/tech/news/2006-07-16-youtube-views_x.htm.